Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) Implementation Resources

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), aka Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), was signed into law by President Biden on November 15, 2021. The law authorizes $1.2 trillion for transportation and infrastructure spending with $550 billion of that figure going toward “new” investments and programs. Funding from the IIJA is expansive in its reach, addressing energy and power infrastructure, access to broadband internet, water infrastructure, and more. Some of the new programs funded by the bill could provide the resources needed to address a variety of infrastructure needs at the local level.

The GFOA Federal Liaison Center will monitor program implementation and update resources as needed in the sections below. PLEASE NOTE: The new programs are generally still at various stages of agency development; we will strive to post updates when available.

Resources from the White House

Federal Agency Resources

Requirements to Consider in Preparation of Funding/Program Rollout

Buy America, Build America Act (BABA)

The Buy America, Build America Act is part of the Infrastructure and Investment Jobs Act (IIJA). The act aims to prioritize and incentivize the usage of goods, products, materials, and services made or provided for in the United States. Specifically for infrastructure, the Act will provide Federal financial assistance for any program that has infrastructure, even if infrastructure is not the primary purpose of the program. However, it must adhere to the following requirements:

  • All iron and steel used in infrastructure projects must be made in the United States throughout the entirety of the manufacturing process.
  • All manufactured products must be produced in the United States. All components of the manufactured product must be produced in the United States and be greater than 55 percent of the total cost of all components of the manufactured product.
  • All construction materials must be made in the United States throughout the entirety of the manufacturing process.

Link to initial guidance on the implementation of Buy America, Build America Act (BABA). Click here for the Made in America Office, established under the IIJA to serve as a central hub to help coordinate the Federal Government’s efforts to implement Made in America laws. This is accomplished by increasing transparency and maximizing the use of domestic content when the Federal Government spends taxpayer dollars.

Justice40 Initiative

The Justice40 Initiative has made it a priority of the federal government t commit at least 40% of all federal funds from federal investments to disadvantaged communities that are marginalized, underserved, and overburdened with pollution. The categories of investment are: climate change, clean energy and energy efficiency, clean transit, affordable and sustainable housing, training and workforce development, remediation and reduction of legacy pollution, and the development of critical clean water and wastewater infrastructure. Covered federal investments include any grant or procurement spending, financing, staffing costs, direct spending, or benefits to individuals for a covered program in a Justice40 program.

For more information on the Justice40 Initiative, click on the link here.

The Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool is a geospatial mapping tool to identify disadvantaged communities across all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories that are marginalized, underserved, and overburdened by pollution. This tool can help promote the Justice40 program as it can help identify disadvantaged communities. Click here to access the tool.

Funding Opportunities Under IIJA - Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) Tracker

The page aims to provide a sampling of the various programs/funding available under the law that may be of interest to states and local governments of all sizes. Additionally, we have created a separate Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) tracker based on some of the programs highlighted below.

NOFOs are the formally issued announcement from a federal agency of the availability of federal or federal pass-through funding via one of its financial assistance programs.

Click HERE for GFOA's IIJA NOFO Tracker.

Funding Overviews

IIJA Funding for Roads, Bridges, and Railways

The Department of Transportation (USDOT) released state-by-state fact sheets to highlight how the funding could benefit based on the amount the state could expect to receive. You can click HERE to find your state's fact sheet.

Below are some of the transportation-related programs that may be of interest for local governments.

National Highway Performance Program

Surface Transportation Block Grant Program

Capital Investment Grants Program

Rebuilding American Infrastructure with Sustainability and Equity (RAISE) Discretionary Grant program

Infrastructure for Rebuilding America (INFRA) Grant Program

National Infrastructure Project Assistance (also known as "Megaprojects" or "MEGA")

Rural Surface Transportation Grant Program (Rural)

Safe Streets and Roads for All Grant Program

Railroad Crossing Elimination Grant Program

Promoting Resilient Operations for Transformative, Efficient and Cost-Saving Transportation (PROTECT) Grants

Bridge Formula Program

Reconnecting Communities Pilot Program

Congestion Mitigation & Air Quality Improvement Program

National Highway Freight Program

Metropolitan Planning Program

Highway Safety Improvement Program

Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act Program

Disadvantaged Business Enterprise

Bridge Investment Program

National Culvert Removal, Replacement, & Removal Grant

Advanced Transportation Technologies & Innovative Mobility Development

Nationally Significant Federal Lands and Tribal Projects

Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail Grants

Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvement Grants

Rail Vehicle Replacement Grants


IIJA Funding for Public Transportation

The IIJA invests $91.2 billion to repair and modernize transit. The legislation supports expanded public transportation choices nationwide, replacing thousands of deficient transit vehicles, including buses, with clean, zero emission vehicles, and improving accessibility for the elderly and people with disabilities.

Link to Public Transportation Agency Safety Plan FAQs for New Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Requirements.

Low or No Emission Bus Grants

Bus and Bus Facilities Competitive Grants

Urbanized Area Formula Grants

Metropolitan Transportation Planning Program

Statewide Transportation Planning Program

Pilot Program for Transit Oriented Development

Passenger Ferry Grant Program

Ferry Service for Rural Communities Program

Enhanced Mobility of Seniors and Individuals with Disabilities

Formula Grants for Rural Areas

Rural Transportation Assistance Program

Appalachian Development Public Transportation Assistance Program

State of Good Repair Grants

Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment Project

Congestion Relief Program

Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation (SMART) Grants

All Stations Accessibility Program

Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program


IIJA Funding for Airports and Federal Aviation Administration Facilities

The IIJA invests $25 billion to address repair and maintenance needs, reduce congestion and emissions, and modernize our National Aerospace System.

Airport Terminals Program


IIJA Funding for Ports and Waterways

The IIJA invests over $16.7 billion to improve infrastructure at coastal ports, inland ports and waterways, and land ports of entry along our border.

Port Infrastructure Development Program Grants

Construction of Ferry Boats and Ferry Terminal Facilities

Reduction of Truck Emissions at Port Facilities


IIJA Funding for Electric Vehicles, Buses, and Ferries

The IIJA includes a $7.5 billion investment in electric vehicle charging to help build out a national network of 500,000 electric vehicle chargers. In addition, there are investments from the IIJA for specific vehicles to transition to electric school buses, transit buses, and even passenger ferries to reduce emissions for their riders, including children and low-income families that bear the greatest burdens of pollution while trying to meet their mobility needs.

Electric or Low-Emitting Ferry Program

Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Grants

Clean School Bus Program


IIJA Funding for Broadband Deployment and Access

The IIJA included a $65 billion investment to help close the digital divide and ensure access for all Americans to reliable, high speed, and affordable broadband. The additional funding builds off of investments in previous laws, including the American Rescue Plan (ARPA) and the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021. As a result of the additional funding, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) will implement several new programs. Click HERE for the Internet for All initiative that includes additional information on the new grant programs discussed below.

Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) Program

Enabling Middle Mile Broadband Infrastructure Program

Digital Equity Act Programs

Distance Learning, Telemedicine, and Broadband Program: Reconnect Program


IIJA Funding for Water Infrastructure

The IIJA invests more than $50 billion through the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater infrastructure programs.

Lead Service Line Replacement (through Drinking Water State Revolving Funds)

Small and Underserved Communities Emerging Contaminants Grant Program

Watershed Rehabilitation Program

Water & Groundwater Storage, and Conveyance Program

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Emerging Contaminants (including PFAS)

Clean Water State Revolving Fund - Emerging Contaminants


IIJA Funding for Resiliency

The IIJA makes our communities safer and our infrastructure more resilient to the impacts of climate change and cyber-attacks, with an investment of more than $50 billion to protect against droughts, heat, floods and wildfires, in addition to major investments in weatherization. The legislation is the largest investment in the resilience of physical and natural systems in American history.

Program Name

IIJA Funding

(Generally funding is over 5 years but portions may still be subject to future appropriations)

Resource(s)

State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program

IIJA provides $1 billion administered through the Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) for state and local governments to address cybersecurity risks and cybersecurity threats to information systems that they own or operate.

  • Program details forthcoming; applications will likely open during 3Q of 2022

Pollution Prevention Grant

IIJA provides $100 million in grants to states, state-sponsored institutions, tribes, and tribal institutions. This program will guarantee the delivery of technical assistance to businesses - including those communities with environmental justice concerns - to identify and adopt source reduction practices and technologies that benefit businesses, communities, and local economies. 

Carbon Reduction Program

IIJA provides approximately $6.42 billion in formula grants to states and the District of Columbia.

  • This program will provide grants to reduce transportation emissions or the development of carbon reduction strategies.
  • Eligible projects include the construction, planning, and design of trail facilities for pedestrians, bicyclists, and other non-motorized forms of transportation; public transportation projects; and congestion management technologies.

More information on the Carbon Reduction Program on the Federal Highway Administration website.

Watershed and Flood Prevention Operations

IIJA provides $500 million in technical and financial assistance to local sponsors or legal subdivisions of state or tribal governments.

  • Eligible sponsors: cities, counties, towns, conservation districts, and/or tribes.
  • This program provides planning, design, and construction of measures that address resource concerns in a watershed.
  • Eligible uses include flood prevention, watershed protection, public recreation, public fish and wildlife, agriculture water management, municipal and industrial water supply, or water quality management.

More information on the Watershed and Flood Prevention Operation program on the US Department of Agriculture website

Preventing Outages and Enhancing the Resilience of the Electric Grid Grants

IIJA provides $5 billion in competitive grants to states, tribes, and entities that operate or are involved with electricity.

  • This program aims to prevent outages and enhance the resilience of the electric grid
  • Eligible uses include carrying out activities that are supplemental to existing hardening efforts and reduce the risk of power lines causing a wildfire, or reduce the likelihood and consequence of disruptive events.

Estimated application open date is the 4th quarter of 2022.

Flood and Inundation Mapping and Forecasting, Water Modeling, and Precipitation Studies

IIJA provides $492 million through various funding mechanisms to states, counties, cities, townships, special districts, tribes, educational institutions, and nonprofits.

  • This program will allow the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to transform water prediction by delivering operational, continental-scale coastal and inland flood models and mapping capabilities.
  • Mapping capabilities include flood forecasts and projections that will provide actionable decision support services equitably delivered to communities across the nation.
  • Eligible uses include coastal, inland flood, and inundation mapping and forecasting and next-generation water modeling activities - including modernized precipitation frequency and probable maximum studies.

Program details forthcoming

Flood Mitigation Assistance Grants

IIJA provides $3.5 billion in grants to states, local governments, tribes, territories, and local communities.

  • The Flood Mitigation Assistance program makes federal funds available to reduce or eliminate the risk of repetitive flood damage to buildings and structures.

Applications for Fiscal Year 2022 are expected to open no later than September 30th, 2022.

Department of Interior Wildfire Management - Preparedness

IIJA provides $245 million in direct federal spending, interagency agreements, cooperative agreements, cooperative agreements and/or grants, and possibly contacts.

  • This preparedness program funds a range of actions that helps the federal government prepare to respond to wildland fire.
  • These include hiring people, training them, tracking their qualifications, and planning our wildfire response ahead of time.
  • It also provides for the purchasing of equipment for early wildfire detection, real-time monitoring, and radios to support interoperability with agency partners; financial assistance to local communities to purchase slip-on tanks; and increases in firefighter pay and other firefighter workforce reforms.

Program details forthcoming

Emergency Preparedness Grants

IIJA provides approximately $234.1 million in states, counties, territories, tribes, cities, townships, non-profit businesses, emergency response organizations, and hazardous materials enforcement organizations.

The Hazardous Materials Grants Program is comprised of the following grants:

  • Hazardous Materials Emergency Program
  • Assistance for Local Emergency Response Training
  • Hazardous Materials Instructor Training
  • Supplemental Public Sector Training

Eligible uses include developing, improving, and carrying out emergency plans including ascertaining flow patterns of hazardous materials; deciding on the need for regional hazardous material emergency response teams; training public sector employees to respond to accidents and incidents involving hazardous materials; and training hazardous materials safety employees to become instructors to extend the reach of hazardous materials training.

Program details forthcoming

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program

IIJA provides $550 million of block and competitive grants to states, local governments, and tribes.

This program provides funds to assist states, local governments, and tribes to reduce energy use, reduce fossil fuel emissions, and improve energy efficiency.

The first funding opportunity is expected for release in the Fall of 2022.

Building Codes Implementation for Efficiency and Resilience

IIJA provides $225 million in grants to states and state partnerships.

This is a competitive grant program that will enable sustained, cost-effective implementation of updated building energy codes to save customer's money on their energy bill.

Eligible uses:

  • To create or enable State or regional partnerships to provide training and materials
  • To collect and disseminate quantitative data on construction and codes implementation, including
    code pathways, performance metrics, and technologies used
  • To develop and implement a plan for highly effective codes implementation, including measuring
    compliance
  • To address various implementation needs in rural, suburban, and urban areas
  • To implement updates in energy codes

Applications for funding are expected to be open by the end of 2022.

Habitat Restoration

IIJA provides $491 million in grants to state and territorial governments agencies, local governments, municipal governments, tribes, or other organizations.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Office of Habitat Conservation will implement the habitat restoration funds through a competitive grants process with the purpose of restoring marine, estuarine, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystem habitat as well as constructing or protecting ecological features that protect coastal communities from flooding or coastal storms.

Program details forthcoming

Coastal Zone Management

IIJA provides $207 million in grants to states (including the District of Columbia), territories, institutions of higher education, and hospitals.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association's Office for Coastal Management will implement these funds through Coastal Zone Management competitive and noncompetitive grants with the purpose of restoring and protecting coastal ecosystems through direct investment by coastal states and territories in ecologically significant habitats.

More information on the Coastal Zone Management Program

Regional Clean Hydrogen Hubs

IIJA provides $8 billion in grants to state and local governments as well as a variety of other organizations and institutions that may utilize or develop clean hydrogen hubs.

This program provides funding to support the development of at least 4 regional clean hydrogen hubs to improve clean hydrogen production, processing, delivery, storage, and end use.

Clean hydrogen hubs are networks of clean hydrogen producers, potential clean hydrogen consumers, and connective infrastructure located in close proximity.

Notice of Intent to issue Funding Opportunity for Regional Clean Hydrogen Hubs.

Applications for funding will open September/October 2022.

Battery Manufacturing and Recycling Grants

IIJA provides $3 billion in grants to state and local governments, institutions of higher education, national laboratories, non-profit and for-profit private entities, or a combination of these entities.

  • This program will provide grants to ensure that the United States has a viable domestic manufacturing and recycling capability to support a North American battery supply chain.
  • Eligible uses include demonstration projects, construction of commercial-scale facilities, retrofitting and retooling of existing facilities for battery component manufacturing, advanced battery manufacturing, and recycling.

Notice of Intent to issue Funding Opportunity for Battery Manufacturing and Recycling Grants.

Applications for funding will open September/October 2022.

Rehabilitation of High Hazard Dams Program

IIJA provides $585 million in grants to states.

  • The Rehabilitation of High Hazard Potential Dams Grant Program makes available federal funds to eligible states for pass through to non-federal governmental organizations or nonprofit organizations for the rehabilitation of dams.
  • Eligible activities include repair, removal, or any other structural or nonstructural measures to rehabilitate an eligible high hazard potential dam.
  • The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Rehabilitation of High Hazard Potential Dams grant program provides technical, planning, design, and construction assistance for eligible rehabilitation activities that reduce dam risk and increase community preparedness.

More information on the Rehabilitation of High Hazard Dams Program can be found here.

Energy Storage Demonstration Pilot Grant Program

IIJA provides $355 million in grants or cooperative agreements to state and local governments, tribal organizations, community based organizations, and higher ed institutions.

This project provides funds to carry out 3 energy storage system demonstration projects.

More information about the Energy Storage Demonstration Pilot Grant Program

Estimated application opening date, 3rd quarter 2022.

Carbon Utilization Program

IIJA provides approximately $310 million in grants to states, local governments, and utilities.

This program provides funds to procure and use products derived from captured carbon oxides.

An eligible entity shall use a grant received under this paragraph to procure and use commercial or industrial products that

  • use or are derived from anthropogenic carbon oxides
  • demonstrate significant net reductions in lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions compared to incumbent technologies, processes, and products.

More information about the Carbon Utilization Program

Estimated application opening date, 4th quarter 2022.

Building Codes Implementation for Efficiency and Resilience

IIJA provides $225 million in grants to states and state partnerships.

This is a competitive program to enable sustained, cost-effective implementation of updated building energy codes to save customers money on their energy bills.

More information about the Building Codes Implementation for Efficiency and Resilience

Applications for funding are expected to be open by the end of 2022

National Dam Safety Program

IIJA provides $148 million for states in the form of grants and direct federal spending. An extra $67 million is for program operations.

  • The National Dam Safety Program encourages the establishment and maintenance of effective state programs intended to ensure dam safety, protects human life and property, and improves state dam safety programs.
  • The National Dam Safety Program is a partnership of states, federal agencies, and other stakeholders to encourage and promote the establishment and maintenance of effective federal and state dam safety programs to reduce the risk to human life and property.

More information on the National Dam Safety Program on the FEMA website

Energy Auditor Training Grant Program

IIJA provides $40 million in grants to states.

This program provides grants to eligible states to train individuals to conduct energy audits or surveys of commercial and residential buildings to build the clean energy workforce, save customers money on their energy bills, and reduce pollution from building energy use.

Eligible uses:

  • To cover any cost associated with individuals being trained or certified to conduct energy audits by the state or a state-certified third-party training program.
  • To pay the wages of a trainee during the period in which the trainee receives training and certification.

More information on the Energy Auditor Training Grant Program on the Department of Energy website

Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities

IIJA provides $1 billion in grants to states, local governments, tribes, and territories.

The Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program makes federal funds available for hazard mitigation activities.

Federal Emergency Management Agency will provide financial assistance to eligible Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities applicants for the following activities:

  • Capability and Capacity-Building
  • Mitigation Projects
  • Management Costs

More information on the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program on the EPA website.

Applications for Fiscal Year 2022 are expected to open no later than September 30, 2022.

Community Wildfire Defense Grant Program For at-Risk Communities

IIJA provides $1 billion in grants to communities at risk from wildfire, state forestry agencies, tribal communities, private forest owners, and other nonprofit organizations.

This program will provide grants to communities at risk from wildfire to develop or revise their community wildfire protection plans and carry out projects described within those plans.

It will include a mix of formula and competitive grants.

Applications are expected to open early 2023.

Hazard Mitigation Revolving Loan Funds/Safeguarding Tomorrow through Ongoing Risk Mitigation

IIJA provides $500 million in grants to a state or Indian tribal government that has received a major disaster declaration during the 5-year period ending on the date of enactment of the STORM Act.

This program provides capitalization grants for the establishment revolving loan funds to provide hazard mitigation assistance to local governments.

Program details forthcoming

National Oceans and Coastal Security Fund

IIJA provides $492 million in grants to state and territorial government agencies, local governments, municipal governments, tribal government and organizations, educational institutions, and other organizations.

  • The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Oceans and Coastal Security Fund will significantly increase annual investments to the National Coastal Resilience Fund, which restores, increases, and strengthens natural infrastructure to protect coastal communities while also enhancing habitat for fish and wildlife.
  • This program will be administered and competed by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.

Program details forthcoming

Grants for States and Tribes for Voluntary Restoration

IIJA provides $400 million in grants to states and tribes.

These funds provide grant programs to states, territories of the United States, and Indian Tribes for implementing voluntary restoration projects on private or public lands.

Funding Guidance for State and Tribal Response Programs Fiscal Year 2022 (Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Funds)

Financial Assistance to Facilities That Purchase and Process Byproducts for Ecosystem Restoration Projects

IIJA provides $400 million in grants to states and tribes.

  • This program is responsible for management of programs with authority to dispose of National Forest System timber and non-timber forest products harvested for commercial, personal, and Tribal uses.
  • Eligible uses include sale preparation, contract administration, purchaser suspension, and debarment, special forest products, and related authorities and programs.

Estimated application opening date, 3rd quarter 2022.

Direct Federal Spending for Invasives

IIJA provides $100 million in grants and direct federal spending to states and tribes.

  • This program provides funding for invasive species detection, prevention, and eradication on private or public lands.
  • Eligible uses include projects and programs for invasive species detection, prevention, and eradication, including conducting research and providing resources to facilitate detection of invasive species at points of entry and awarding grants for eradication of invasive species on non-Federal land and on Federal land.

Program details forthcoming

Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund

IIJA provides approximately $11.29 billion in grants to states and tribes.

  • This program provides funding to administer a program to provide grants to eligible states and tribes to clean up abandoned coal mines and related programs.
  • Eligible uses include: cleaning up abandoned coal mine sites and related problems, as specified in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, that pose a threat to public health and safety, and restoring land and water resources degraded by the effects of past coal mining, and addressing emergency projects.

More information on the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund.

Estimated application opening date, 3rd quarter 2022.